Responsa for Rosh Hashanah 64:9
(תהלים מז, ז) זמרו אלהים זמרו זמרו למלכנו זמרו כי מלך כל הארץ אלהים שתים דברי ר' יוסי ר' יהודה אומר אחת ושוין (תהלים מז, ט) במלך אלהים על גוים אלהים ישב על כסא קדשו שהיא אחת
the first [apostrophe] contains two mentions [of God's kingship]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the expression 'the king of glory'.');"><sup>16</sup></span> and the second three. So R'Jose; R'Judah, however, says that the first contains one and the second two.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Judah does not reckon the question 'who is the king of glory'.');"><sup>17</sup></span>
Shut min haShamayim
They responded as follows: "These and these are the words of the living God!" (Eruvin 13b) Just as you dispute below, so we dispute above. For the Holy One, blessed be He, holds that the paragraphs beginning with the words 'vehayah' should be in the middle of the tefillin, and all of the heavenly host say that they follow their chronological order. "This is what He meant in saying, Through those near to Me I show Myself holy, and gain glory before all the people.” (Leviticus 10:3) - His glory is in the paragraph of his Kingship being first.*This was a widespread debate throughout the Jewish world. See, for example, a question sent from the community of Lunel to Maimonides asking a similar question to the one posed here, quoted in Kessef Mishneh on Mishneh Torah, Tefillin 3:5. The last comment seems to allude to the opinion of Rabbeinu Tam, with the paragraph of the Shema (termed a phrase of Kingship in Rosh Hashanah 32b:16) on the outermost side, the first one from the perspective of the one wearing the tefillin on their head.
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